What is one major effect of smoking on lung function?

• A. Improvement of ciliary function
• B. Increased oxygenation of lung tissue
• C. Damage to lung tissues and impaired gas exchange
• D. Enhancement of respiratory health

Answer: (C)

Smoking has a significant detrimental effect on lung function, primarily characterized by damage to lung tissues and impaired gas exchange. When tobacco smoke enters the lungs, it contains numerous harmful chemicals that can lead to inflammation, destruction of alveoli (the air sacs responsible for gas exchange), and overall degradation of lung structure. This damage reduces the surface area available for gas exchange, which means that less oxygen can be absorbed into the bloodstream, and less carbon dioxide is expelled.

Furthermore, smoking can impair the cilia, the tiny hair-like structures that help clear mucus and debris from the airways, resulting in increased mucus production and accumulation. This can lead to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), emphysema, and chronic bronchitis, all of which severely affect lung function and overall respiratory health.

As a result, the correct consideration here showcases the severe impact of smoking on lung health and its role in hindering efficient gas exchange, underscoring the broader implications of smoking on respiratory diseases.