What is pulmonary edema?

• A. Increased airflow in the lungs
• B. Accumulation of air in the pleura
• C. Accumulation of fluid in the lungs
• D. Inflammation of the bronchial tubes

Answer: (C)

Pulmonary edema refers to the accumulation of fluid in the lungs, which can impede gas exchange and lead to decreased oxygenation of the blood. This condition typically occurs when the heart is unable to effectively pump blood, causing pressure to build up in the blood vessels of the lungs. As a result, fluid can leak from these vessels into the lung tissue and air sacs (alveoli), making it difficult for oxygen to diffuse into the blood. Symptoms of pulmonary edema often include shortness of breath, coughing, and a feeling of suffocation, particularly when lying down. Understanding pulmonary edema is crucial for diagnosing and treating conditions related to heart failure, lung disease, and other medical scenarios where fluid accumulation in the lungs is a concern.