What is the definition of pulmonary ventilation?

• A. Exchange of gases in the alveoli
• B. Movement of air into and out of the lungs
• C. Absorption of oxygen in the blood
• D. Production of carbon dioxide

Answer: (B)

Pulmonary ventilation specifically refers to the process of moving air into and out of the lungs, commonly known as breathing. This essential function enables the lungs to fill with air (inhalation) and expel air (exhalation), facilitating the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide with the blood in the alveoli. While gas exchange occurs in the alveoli and is essential to the respiratory system, it is distinct from ventilation itself. The other choices relate to metabolic processes or functioning at a cellular level, but they do not capture the mechanical aspect of air movement associated with pulmonary ventilation. Thus, the chosen answer accurately defines the core physiological action involved in respiratory mechanics.