Which condition is typically associated with increased compliance in lung tissue?

• A. Pneumonia
• B. Chronic bronchitis
• C. Emphysema
• D. Asthma

Answer: (C)

Increased compliance in lung tissue refers to the ability of the lungs to expand and stretch during inhalation. Emphysema, a type of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), is characterized by the destruction of the elastin fibers in the alveolar walls, leading to the enlargement of the airspaces. This destruction of elastic recoil results in less resistance to airflow during expiration, which ultimately allows the lungs to become more compliant.

In emphysema, the loss of elastic tissue means that, while the lungs can expand easily during inhalation, they also struggle to return to their original shape during exhalation. This increased compliance can lead to a "barrel chest" appearance and difficulties in breathing out, as the air becomes trapped in the enlarged alveoli.

The other conditions listed, such as pneumonia, chronic bronchitis, and asthma, are typically associated with decreased lung compliance. In pneumonia, the infection causes inflammation and fluid accumulation in the lungs, making them stiffer and less compliant. Chronic bronchitis involves mucus obstruction and inflammation that limits airway flow and compliance. Asthma episodes are characterized by bronchoconstriction, which also reduces compliance, making it harder to take in air.

In summary, the correct choice reflects how emphysema